Acid drainage from coal mines is a persistent water quality issue in some areas, as it eliminates otter prey. Ste Marie and his partner sprinted a few hundred yards to the walkway where the otter was headed. Reintroduction projects have been particularly valuable in restoring populations in many areas of the United States. [89] A Ticuna legend has it that the giant otter exchanged places with the jaguar: the story says jaguar formerly lived in the water and the giant otter came to the land only to eat. The otter is a swift and agile swimmer, using its muscular tail to make sharp turns and steering with its neck and webbed feet. Before the giant river otter, there was an otter that weighed more than four times the largest living otter species. Crustaceans may even be consumed more than fish. [20] Information about river otter breeding and reproductive and social behavior is varied due to the difficulty of studying these animals in the wild. [48], The giant otter is an apex predator, and its population status reflects the overall health of riverine ecosystems. [34] A 1994 river otter study reported findings of beaver remains in 27 of 1,191 scats analyzed. [38][40], When left unchecked, though, otters can be significant predators under certain circumstances (e.g. [33] Every study done on the food habits of the North American river otter has identified varying fish species as being the primary component of its diet. Even when told of the importance of the species to ecosystems and the danger of extinction, interviewees showed little interest in continuing to coexist with the species. [52] Other causes of death include accidents, gastroenteritis, infanticide, and epileptic seizures. [11], In a new classification, the species is called Lontra canadensis, where the genus Lontra includes all the New World river otters. [49] Females have a gestation period of 65 to 70 days, giving birth to one to five pups, with an average of two. [26][33], Amphibians and reptiles are more obtainable by the North American river otter during the spring and summer as a result of breeding activity, appropriate temperatures, and water supply for the prey. He grabbed his camera and then got a video of the otters head bobbing out of the water. What to Watch for Size: 3-4' long including the tail which is about one third of the total length. Low 49F. In the winter, otters have found the easiest and perhaps most fun way to get around is by sliding. River otter fur ranges from light to dark, rich brown. [7] All four names are in use in South America, with a number of regional variations. Staff and visitors at the Toronto Zoo are mourning the death of an otter who had recently become ill. Likewise, the potential predatory impact of otters may be considerable whenever fish are physically confined (most commonly in smaller ponds offering sparse cover or other escape options). [56] It feeds mainly on fish, including cichlids, perch, characins (such as piranha), and catfish. Average Life Span In The Wild: 8 to 9 years. [2] A significant population lives in the wetlands of the central Araguaia River, and in particular within Canto State Park, which, with its 843 oxbow lakes and extensive flooded forests and marshlands, is one of the best habitat patches for this species in Brazil. and over 3 feet long, are found across North America, although their range has been significantly damaged by hunting and habitat. [62] The spectacled caiman is another potential competitor, but Duplaix found no conflict with the species in Suriname. They can stay underwater for almost eight minutes and swim at a rate of nearly seven miles per hour. REWILDING ARGENTINA'S SCIENTISTS REDISCOVERED A SPECIES THOUGHT TO BE EXTINCT IN THE COUNTRYThe latest confirmed records of giant river otter family groups i. The neotropical otter is active during twilight and darkness, reducing the likelihood of conflict with the diurnal giant otter. But the otters return is a beacon of hope for conservationists and environmentalists alike. 2023 Cable News Network. Name: Lontra weiri. [23][16], North American river otters characteristically approach within a few feet of a boat or a person on shore because they're near-sighted, a consequence of vision adapted for underwater sight. We look for things like river otters, he said. That home range shrinks drastically during breeding and rearing season. The most severe population declines occurred in interior regions where fewer aquatic habitats supported fewer otter populations. A restoration program in western New York has in. [23], North American river otters consume an extensive assortment of fish species ranging in size from 2 to 50 centimeters (0.79 to 19.69in) that impart sufficient caloric intake for a minute amount of energy expenditure. Schenck et al., who undertook extensive fieldwork in Peru in the 1990s, suggest specific "no-go" zones where the species is most frequently observed, offset by observation towers and platforms to allow viewing. (Photo by David Cannon/Getty Images). 3001 Connecticut Ave., NW It establishes a burrow close to the water's edge in river, lake, swamp, coastal shoreline, tidal flat, or estuary ecosystems. They also inhabit the forested regions of the Pacific coast in North America. Incorrect descriptions of the species have led to multiple synonyms (the latter subspecies is often P. b. paranensis in the literature). The average 24-hour movement was only 3.5 km (2 mi. I realized it was too big to be either of those. Group hierarchies are not rigid and the animals easily share roles. The river otter is adapted for both land and water with short legs, webbed toes, and a strong, flattened tail. Otter species can be found across Eurasia, Africa, India, Japan, Indonesia, North America, South America, and Central America. North America's largest North American river otter populations were found in areas with an abundance and diversity of aquatic habitats, such as coastal marshes, the Great Lakes region, and glaciated areas of New England. These huge. The North American River Otter, for instance, is nocturnal three seasons and more diurnal only in the winter. [67], Research generally takes place in the dry season and an understanding of the species' overall habitat use remains partial. In a Facebook post on Friday evening, the zoo said a 13-year-old female North American river . These can become quite extensive, including "backdoor" exits into forests and swamps, away from the water. River otters show up in downtown Cuyahoga Falls for first time in long time River otters are native to Ohio but seeing one in downtown Cuyahoga Falls is a bit like saying you've spotted Bigfoot. [59] If fish are unavailable, it will also take crabs, snakes, and even small caimans and anacondas. The IUCN lists Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela as current range countries. [57] Fish remains were of medium-sized species that seem to prefer relatively shallow water, to the advantage of the probably visually oriented giant otter. The giant river otter can weigh up to 99 pounds. [16] Each otter pup weighs approximately five ounces. 2 3 In a single dive, a river otter can travel as. CNN Sans & 2016 Cable News Network. The park harbors many endangered plants and animals, including the giant otter, and holds the world record for mammal diversity. A Eurasian river otter mother relaxes with with her two seven-month-old cubs on a shoreline in Shetland, U.K. . Published SANDWICH, ENGLAND - JULY 20: An aerial view of the par 4, eighth hole looking back to the tee from the green as the sun rises at the host venue for the 2021 Open Championship at The Royal St. George's Golf Club on July 20, 2020 in Sandwich, England. The river otter Lontra canadensis is an elusive species that can serve an important role in aquatic ecosystems as a top predator of fish and crayfish. [48] Pups open their eyes in their fourth week, begin walking in their fifth, and are able to swim confidently between 12 and 14 weeks old. As it dove, it didnt have the flattened tail like a beaver, which leaves otter as the only possibility, he explained. [84] (One researcher has suggested the giant otter is hunted only in desperation due to its horrible taste. Otter pups aren't born with swimming skills, they learn from their mothers. Ensuring that the animals have sufficient privacy from human disturbances (visual and acoustic, from zoo staff or visitors) at parturition and during cub-rearing is also essential, but not sufficient. [34] Other species of birds found within their diets include: northern pintail (Anas acuta); mallard (Anas platyrhynchos); canvasback (Aythya valisineria); ruddy duck (Oxyura jamaicensis); and the American coot (Fulica americana). Enhydriodon Omoensis: The Largest Otter Ever The largest . [24] Also, North American river otters have large molars used for crushing hard objects, such as the shells of molluscs. Reintroduction of river otters may present a problem in that it may contaminate the genetic structure of the native population. Today, accidental trappings in beaver traps constitute the most otter fatalities. These include providing at least the minimum recommended land-to-water area ratio, and that all enclosure land surfaces (both artificial and natural) are nearly entirely covered with the recommended substrate conditions (e.g. Whistles may be used as advance warning of nonhostile intent between groups, although evidence is limited. Free or royalty-free photos and images. [32][50] Susceptibility of these species is greatest during the summer (when waterfowl broods are vulnerable) and autumn. Detroit had incredible pollution, Hartig said. In Mexico, the North American river otters lived in the Rio Grande and Colorado River Deltas. I didnt even know it was possible to see river otters here, he said. After an encounter with a river otter sent a man to a hospital, officials at Lassen Volcanic National Park in Northern California are warning people to stay out of the water at a popular lake.. [34] Fish remnants were found in 91.9% of the samples. 10-30 lbs. The river otter ( Lontra canadensis) is a key bio-indicator of the health of our environment as they sit at the top of this water-based food chain. [47], Details of giant otter reproduction and life cycle are scarce, and captive animals have provided much of the information. [27] Its velvety feel makes the animal highly sought after by fur traders and has contributed to its decline. [25][31], The species possesses 2n= 38 chromosomes.[32]. [32] Fish are the primary component of the North American river otter's diet throughout the year. In other otter species, vision is generally normal or slightly myopic, both on land and in water. Although the distribution became reduced in some regions of southern Canada, the only province-wide extinction occurred on Prince Edward Island. [28] Otters are known to take larger fish on land to eat, whereas smaller fish are consumed in the water. Regionally extinct throughout the Midwest and heavily populated areas in the east, several states have recently begun reintroduction programs. [87], Throughout its range, the giant otter interacts with indigenous groups, who often practice traditional hunting and fishing. North American river otters have a transparent inner eyelid (called a nictitating membrane) to protect their eyes while swimming. [2] Given local extinctions, the species' range has become discontinuous. [28] [48][49] Research over five years on a breeding pair at the Cali Zoo in Colombia found the average interval between litters was six to seven months, but as short as 77 days when the previous litter did not survive. River otters are incredible swimmers. As such, careful consideration of any threatened, endangered, or fish species of special interest is warranted prior to reintroduction of otters to a watershed. Now more than ever, we need your support. They appear in a fish poisoning legend where they assist a man who has wasted his sexual energy, creating the anacondas of the world from his distressed and extended genitals. [37], The giant otter is a highly social animal and lives in extended family groups. [16], North American river otters only settle in areas that consist of vegetation, rock piles, and sufficient coverage. They spend a significant portion of the day scent marking territory by urinating, defecating, scratching and rubbing their scent glands on rocks and trees. Tracks: 3' wide and round in shape. An extremely adaptable animal, otters tolerate hot and cold climates, as well as high elevations and lowland coastal waters. [48] Study of captive specimens has found only males initiate copulation. The entire group, including nonreproductive adults, which are usually older siblings to that year's pups, collaborates to catch enough fish for the young. [50] The few occurrences of mammals found in the North American river otter's diet include remains of the muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus); meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus); eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus); and snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus). On land a river otter can run at speeds of up to 15 miles (24 kilometers) an hourthey can slide even faster. Weight: 11 to 30 pounds. North American river otters get their boundless energy from their very high metabolism, which also requires that they eat a great deal during the day. Newborn pups squeak to elicit attention, while older young whine and wail when they begin to participate in group activities. Despite its common name, the North American river otter is equally comfortable in either coastal marine or freshwater habitats. [73], The IUCN listed the giant otter as "endangered" in 1999; it had been considered "vulnerable" under all previous listings from 1982 when sufficient data had first become available. [16] Tail lengths range from 30 to 50 centimetres (12 to 20in). [57][58][37][59], Threats to North American river otter populations in North America vary regionally. Otter births occur most frequently in March or April. The giant otter's highly sensitive whiskers (vibrissae) allow the animal to track changes in water pressure and currents, which aids in detecting prey. An adult North American river otter can weigh between 5.0 and 14 kg (11.0 and 30.9 lb). [44][45] Within groups, the animals are extremely peaceful and cooperative. [9] The mammal was identified as a species of otter and has a variety of common names, including North American river otter, northern river otter, common otter and, simply, river otter. [63], Local people sometimes take pups for the exotic pet trade or as pets for themselves, but the animal rapidly grows to become unmanageable. Limits on the number of tourists at any one time, fishing prohibitions, and a minimum safe distance of 50 metres (164ft) are proposed to offer further protection. [32] The North American river otters have also been known to catch and consume moulting American wigeon (Mareca americana) and green-winged teal (Anas crecca). The otter can attack from both above and below, swiveling at the last instant to clamp the prey in its jaws. It is an amphibious member of this family as are the mink and sea otter. Death / Obituaries. Other water habitats include freshwater springs and permanent freshwater lakes. [45] In 2010, the Colorado Department of Wildlife reported the species, reintroduced in the 1980s, was "thriving" and recommended its protection status be reconsidered. They will feed on fish, invertebrates, frogs, clams, crayfish, and small mammals or birds. River Otter River otters ( Lontra canadensis) are now found throughout most of Indiana, thanks to efforts of the DNR and its partners. ); darters (Etheostoma spp. About the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Your Go-to Guide for a Winter Day at the Zoo, What's New at the Smithsonians National Zoo This Summer. This thrilling Chilean trek is the world's southernmost hike. The ears appear large on its small flattened head. [62] In addition, solitary animals and young may be vulnerable to attacks by the jaguar, cougar, and anaconda, but this is based on historical reports, not direct observation. Ste Marie lives on the Canadian side of the Detroit River, which divides Detroit, Michigan, from Windsor, Ontario. [10][24][25], Most mustelids, including otters, have 36 specialized teeth, including sharp canines and carnassials that inflict lethal bites to prey. River otter. The estrous cycle is 21 days, with females receptive to sexual advances between three and 10 days. River otters have been blamed for decimating game fish populations and are seen as a pest to eradicate by many game fishermen. Moreover, a western Oregon study revealed fish remains were present in 80% of the 103 digestive tracts examined. Organize or attend a stream, river, lake or other waterway cleanup in your area to preserve aquatic habitats for local species. [1], Oil spills present a localized threat to otter populations, especially in coastal areas. Their small heads widen to long necks and shoulders, and they have flattened, well-muscled tails. ), with a maximum recorded length of 240 cm (94 in. They are found throughout most of North America - from the Rio Grande in Northern Mexico to Canada and Alaska. The North American River Otter, Lontra canadensis, is a semi-aquatic mammal found only in North America. In 2004, Peru created one of the largest conservation areas in the world, Alto Purs National Park, with an area similar in size to Belgium. The oldest living river otter on record was 27 years old. This makes it easier for the adults to catch enough fish for the growing young, and for the pups to learn how to catch fish. [33] Crustaceans (crayfish), where regionally available, are the second-most important prey for otters. [30][32] They are less likely to be prey for the North American river otters since they are fast-swimming and can find good escape cover. At this point, they eat solid food but are not completely weaned for another month or two. Try Otter Spotters! A river otter is a member of the weasel family that enjoys water. The cause of the excitement was the sighting, last week, of a wild giant river otter - an animal feared extinct in the country due to habitat loss and hunting - on the Bermejo River in . North Andover, MA (01845) Today. Other research maintains that river otters mate for life. [50] Likewise, the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a preferred fish species for the North American river otter in other regions of Colorado. Prey species found were also sedentary, generally swimming only short distances, which may aid the giant otter in predation. [1], CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, different non-sexual physical characteristics, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T12302A164577078.en, "Expert says otter attacks are rare after St. Pete dog killed", "Dog attacked by otters in Lakewood, homeowners say", "7 Surprising Facts About the Giant River Otter", "Multigene phylogeny of the Mustelidae: Resolving relationships, tempo and biogeographic history of a mammalian adaptive radiation", 10.1644/1545-1410(2002)712<0001:LM>2.0.CO;2, "Parasites as probes for prehistoric human migrations? , away from the water otter mother relaxes with with her two seven-month-old on. 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