& Zvody, A. M. Toward the elimination of bias in satellite retrievals of sea surface temperature: 1. & Kratz, T. K. Long-term ecological research (LTER) on north temperate lakes of the United States. A., Evans, R. H., Minnett, P. J. ; and ii) Which climatic forcing variables and geomorphometric factors are most important in driving changes in water temperature, i.e., do similar lake types exhibit similar rates of warming or cooling globally? July is the hottest month for Lake Santeetlah with an average high temperature of 84.0, which ranks it as one of the coolest places in North Carolina. Sci. Bi-weekly depth profiles were generated every meter, except immediately above the thermocline and in the metalimnion where 0.25m depth increments were used. For example, Gui et al.68 assessed SRB solar radiation data using ground measurements collected at 36 globally distributed sites from 20002002. Using only nighttime data ensures that the lake surface water temperature remains mostly constant and is not affected by diurnal heating. Soc. Advances in understanding clouds from ISCCP. Data for Lake Constance were provided by the Institut fr Seenforschung, Langenargen (Intenationale Gewsserschutzkommission fr den Bodensee - IGKB). Lakes Inari and Kevojrvi are located in the northernmost Lapland Province. 186, 34553476 (2014). Additionally, monthly grab samples were taken at 1m intervals at the dam wall site using a variety of handheld instruments and more recently using a YSI 6600v2. This final step was probably the most important as it allowed us to get feedback from the individuals that are most familiar with the lakes in our dataset. The DWD series consisted of monthly measurements in 2m intervals from 0 to 20m and then in 10m intervals to the deepest point. For many of the lakes sampled using satellite imagery, very little morphometric information was readily available. Nature 424, 766768 (2003). 22). Limnol. Lake-specific properties, including depth, surface area, and volume can mediate the effects of these climate drivers and influence lake temperatures13. Lake Santeetlah's shoreline is more than 75% National Forest; insurance that it will never be spoiled by development. J. Climatol. We thank Tim Kratz for helping with the initiation of this project. year Level Base: MSL Full Pool: Flood Pool: Change Since Yesterday: 0.09 Feet Level Controlled by: Dam Name: Santeetlah (ALCOA POWER GENERATING INC., TAPOCO DIVISION) Oceanogr. For years that did not have data that covered the full interpolation period, we used the curve fit to extrapolate values preceding the first sample point (if applicable) or beyond the last sample point (if applicable), or in some cases, both. (pH is 6.14). Effects of climatic warming on lakes of the central Boreal Forest. Int. To maximize our chances of identifying erroneous values, the histograms and maps were examined by all co-authors. A zip folder of processing log files is included, called GLTC_means_processing_log_files.zip. Gui, S., Liang, S., Wang, K., Li, L. & Xiaotong, Z. Profiles in the IGB series were generally taken monthly, but were taken less often in the 1980s and then were taken biweekly during the summer after 1991. Boston, MA warning41 Partly Cloudy. Near real-time meteorological observations (text and graphics). Russian Acad. Limnol. Vertical profiles were taken in the morning (10:0012:00) at the deepest location of the lake (69m). Differences between the two mean values are assumed to be the result of different sampling times (often day versus night), different sampling frequencies, measurement errors, and differences between skin and bulk water temperatures. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Lake Mendota, Lake Monona, Lake Wingra, and Fish Lake are in southern Wisconsin. Meindl, E. A. However, at broad spatial scales, climatic factors have a larger influence on surface water temperatures than lake morphology17. B 276, 427435 (2009). Ocean 106, 91799197 (2001). Specialty Inn. "Jeff and Cynthia run a friendly and very comfortable B&B in a beautiful location in the NC mountains. & Keller, W. B. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has been measuring . Second, we compared interannual anomalies. #6 of 9 specialty lodgings in Robbinsville. Comput: Vienna, Austria, 2013). 27, 30613074 (2013). Vereinigung Limnol. Toolik Lake, a multibasin kettle lake in the Alaskan Arctic in the northern foothills of the Brooks Range, United States, is a major study site of the Arctic Long Term Ecological Research program (http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/ARC/dataprotocol/ArcticLTERIM.html). Limnol. Climatol. The temperature can be as high as 84 degrees in the summer and as low as 24 in the winter. Recent studies have suggested significant warming of water temperatures in individual lakes across many different regions around the world. 74, 829836 (1979). The physical impact of the late 1980s climate regime shift on Swiss rivers and lakes. 54, 22832297 (2009). U.S. Route 129 passes just north of the town, leading southeast 6 miles (10km) to Robbinsville, the county seat, and northwest 9 miles (14km) to Tapoco at the Little Tennessee River. From 1991 to the 2009, all lakes were sampled monthly through the ice-free season, with the exception of Dickie, Harp and Plastic Lakes which were sampled every two weeks. In 1957 he served as president of the National Association of Realtors. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2015.8, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2015.8. Sapna Sharma, Derek K Gray, Jordan S Read and Catherine M OReilly: Joint first authors, Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, Ontario, Canada, Sapna Sharma,Anam Qudrat&Samantha Stefanoff, California University of Pennsylvania, California, 15419, Pennsylvania, USA, U.S. Geological Survey, Center for Integrated Data Analytics, Middleton, 53562, Wisconsin, USA, Department of Geography-Geology, Illinois State University, Normal, 61790, Illinois, USA, NILUNorwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, 2027, Norway, Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, 53706, Wisconsin, USA, Corinna Gries,Peter B McIntyre&Benjamin M Kraemer, Center for Environmental Research, Education and Outreach, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, Washington, USA, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, California, 91109, USA, LimnoTech, Ann Arbor, 48108, Michigan, USA, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water, Eawag (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology), Duebendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, D-12587, Germany, Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, 3240, New Zealand, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Station dhydrobiologie lacustre (UMR CARRTEL), Thonon les Bains, 74200, France, University of Helsinki, Lammi Biological Station, Helsinki, FI-16900, Finland, Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, 55812, Minnesota, USA, Vale Living with Lakes Centre, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Sudbury, P3E 2C6, Ontario, Canada, U.S. Geological Survey Fort Collins Science Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, 80523, Colorado, USA, Water Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008, China, Australian Water Quality Center, SA Water Corporation, 5001, Australia, Research Institute for Limnology, University Innsbruck, Mondsee, A-5310, Austria, Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, 12222, New York, USA, Archbold Biological Station, Venus, 33960, Florida, USA, Fisheries Ecosystems Advisory Services, Marine Institute, Newport, Co. Mayo Ireland, Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand, Florida Sea Grant and University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville, 32611, Florida, USA, Melbourne Water Corporation, Victoria, 3001, Australia, LUBW Landesanstalt fr Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Wrttemberg, Institut fr Seenforschung, Langenargen, D-88045, Germany, Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, New York, USA, International Institute of Sustainable DevelopmentExperimental Lakes Area, Winnipeg, R3B 2L6, Manitoba, Canada, Central Nebraska Public Power and Irrigation District, Holdredge, 68949, Nebraska, USA, Scientific Research Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, 664003, Russia, U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, 99508, Alaska, USA, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences Rannu, Estonia, 61117, Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology & Inland Fisheries, Berlin, 12587, Germany, Wasserversorgung der Stadt Zurich (WVZ), Zurich, CH-8021, Switzerland, Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute, Otsu, 520-0022, Shiga, Japan, Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland, NOAA/Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, 48108, Michigan, USA, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Midlothian, EH260QB, Scotland, UK, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106, California, USA, Department of Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22609, Germany, Hydrology Laboratory, Limnology Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, 196105, Russian Federation, Centre for Limnology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartumaa, 61117, Estonia, Amt fur Abfall, Wasser, Energie und Luft, Kanton Zurich, Zurich, CH-8005, Switzerland, Institute of Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, 21502, Germany, Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Dorset, P0A 1E0, Ontario, Canada, Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, 3080, Belgium, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, The Lake Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Migdal, 14950, Israel, National Research Council, Institute of Ecosystem Study, Verbania, 28922, Pallanza, Italy, IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Istituto Agrario di S. Michele all'Adige, Fondazione E. Mach, S. Michele allAdige (Trento), 38010, Italy, Institute for Sustainable Cities, City University of New York, New York, 10065, USA, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, Washington, USA, UC Davis Tahoe Environmental Research Center, Incline Village, 95616, Nevada, USA, Sydney Catchment Authority, Penrith, 2750, NSW, Australia, Department of Biology, Universitat Konstanz, Konstanz, 78464, Germany, Department of Limnology and Biological Oceanography, University of Vienna, Vienna, A-1090, Austria, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, 1010, New Zealand, Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland, Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75236, Sweden, Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, 45056, Ohio, USA, You can also search for this author in Data from current sites are relayed to USGS offices via satellite, telephone, and/or . Inl. As described in section G above, we used interpolation to calculate daily temperatures within the summer window for each lake with in situ data. which is a beach area that has gradual slopes in the depth of the water as well as markers to keep kids and others in a confined area. Soc 73, 985993 (1992). 94, 10311049 (2013). Water temperatures in Lakes Superior, Huron, Michigan, and Erie in North America were recorded every 10min to hourly at a depth of 0.61m. The samples were obtained from three different sites in Lake Superior12, two sites each on Lakes Huron and Michigan, and one site on Lakes Erie. You are about to report this weather station for bad data. B.D., Stephanie E. Hampton and P.S. Assess. Meteorol. Taylor, M. W. & Hams, K. M. The physical and chemical limnology of Lake McConaughy with reference to fisheries management (Nebraska Technical Series No.9, Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, 1981). All lakes were sampled at a depth of 0.5m, in addition to several other depths depending on the maximum lake depth. Oceanogr. From January 20 2005, sampling depth changed from 0 to 1m (ref. Res. We then took the average error for the 20,000 simulated datasets for each sampling interval and plotted the results. Depth maps and Marine charts. Limnological variability and pelagic fish abundance (Stolothrissa tanganicae and Lates stappersii) in Lake Tanganyika. Laura Carrea, Jean-Franois Crtaux, Clment Albergel, Rachel M. Pilla, Elizabeth M. Mette, Tatyana V. Zhukova, Eric J. Anderson, Craig A. Stow, Nathan Hawley, Stephen C. Maberly, Ruth A. ODonnell, Andrew N. Tyler, Rachel M. Pilla, Craig E. Williamson, Egor Zadereev, R. Iestyn Woolway, Benjamin M. Kraemer, Sapna Sharma, Michael F. Meyer, Stephanie G. Labou, Bradley T. Luff, Rachel I. Leihy, Grant A. Duffy, Steven L. Chown, Scientific Data Slider with three articles shown per slide. Nevertheless, although he hired a Miami architectural firm to draw the plans, Keyes never built, and in 1958, he sold the undeveloped property to another Florida land developer, who transferred it again in 1961. wrote the manuscript. Oceanogr. North, R. P. et al. Manag. Lake Info Fishing . choose From 2004 to present, a StowAway TidbiT temperature data logger from Onset (TBI32-05+37) was used. J.D.L., P.B.M., P.S., D.H., Stephanie E. Hampton, D.M.L., C.M.O., J.S.R. We only used night time data in this study. Climate-related variations in mixing dynamics in an Alaskan arctic lake. . Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Limnol. Results indicate that the downwelling solar irradiance shows good overall agreement with ground measurements, except for a few large biases in Southeast Asia (Sukothai, Bukit, and Kogma). Merchant, C. J., Harris, A. R., Murray, M. J. Meteorol. Follow our updates. Data for the New York City drinking water reservoirs were sampled and provided by the New York City Department of Environmental Protection (NYCDEP). Aquat. We then merged the cloud-free observations from both series of instruments into a single dataset to maximize the sampling frequency. Before 2003, a YSI 6000 probe was used58. Lake Santeetlah has 76 miles of shore line and is home to a variety of trout, muskie, crappie, and bass. The samples were obtained from near the Kingsley Dam24. The population density was 332.4 people per square mile (129.3/km2). hydrologic Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.49% of the population. U.S. Geological Survey Arch. Lough Feeagh, located in County Mayo, Ireland was sampled daily from the surface at less than 1m depth. Will northern fish populations be in hot water because of climate change? Water temperature sampling was conducted using a Celsius mercury thermometer. 36, L22402 (2009). printer-friendly 51, 11291144 (2012). Although these values are presented as static, we note that these variables could have varied during the 19852009 period, especially for reservoir systems. Gibbs, M. Lake Taupo Long-Term MonitoringPprogramme 2009-2010. Glob. water Fourth, on a small subset of the data, Schneider and Hook11 used high-frequency buoy measurements to conduct a more direct comparison of water temperature trends that eliminated differences in timing and observation frequency. The date of the first sample for each of the 20000 datasets was chosen as a random date in June and then the following samples were equally spaced in time starting from that date. 1144 (2011). J. Plankton Res. For Sale: Lot/Land for sale,$425,000, 0.11 Acre, $3,863,636/Acre at Tbd Lakeside Trail, Robbinsville, NC 28711 Hydrobiologia 625, 117134 (2009). 76 / 55. Santeetlah Lake: Great beach area! Lake Lappajrvi is located in the municipalities of Lappajrvi, Alajarvi, and Vimpeli, in southern Ostrobothnia, Finland. For Water temperature sampling was conducted continuously (in situ paper or sensor record), but compiled daily at midnight. Natural year-to-year variability in air temperatures and other factors can influence water temperatures. This allows for more accurate estimates of the 3-month summer means. Article Google Scholar. & Prata, F. E. An extraordinary upwelling event in a deep thermally stratified lake. 2014 Satellite-derived multivariate world-wide lake physical variable timeseries for climate studies, A long-term dataset of lake surface water temperature over the Tibetan Plateau derived from AVHRR 19812015, Global data set of long-term summertime vertical temperature profiles in 153 lakes, Seasonal overturn and stratification changes drive deep-water warming in one of Earths largest lakes, Global lake thermal regions shift under climate change, Deeper waters are changing less consistently than surface waters in a global analysis of 102 lakes, The global lake area, climate, and population dataset, High resolution temperature data for ecological research and management on the Southern Ocean Islands, Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data, http://ecosystems.mbl.edu/ARC/dataprotocol/ArcticLTERIM.html, https://lter.limnology.wisc.edu/about/lakes, https://knb.ecoinformatics.org/#view/kgordon.35.49, http://www.pref.shiga.lg.jp/d/biwako-kankyo/lberi/, http://www.waikatoregion.govt.nz/PageFiles/19451/TR2011-12.pdf, https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/379a6cebee50119df2575c469aba19c5, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0, Analysis of surface temperature variation of lakes in China using MODIS land surface temperature data, Maximum lake surface water temperatures changing characteristics under climate change, Warming of surface water in the large and shallow lakes across the Yangtze River Basin, China, and its driver analysis, Reply to: Concerns about phytoplankton bloom trends in global lakes, Southern coastal subtropical shallow lakes skin temperature driven by climatic and non-climatic factors. report Surface water was defined as between 0 and 1m below the surface for most lakes. Reports be The lodge, with its two faux totem poles, became "the heartbeat of Thunderbird Mountain Resort" with activities that included square dancing, bingo, movies, and church services, as well as a place "to gather together when the mail was delivered. Monit. 60, 6068 (2001). Wetzel, R. G. Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems (Academic Press, 2001). 40 rivers / canals. We obtained the CRU data from version 3.21 of their dataset using 0.5-degree resolution grid cells64. Article Lake Santeetlah, part of the Tennessee River watershed, was created in 1928 when Alcoa dammed the Cheoah River as a means of generating hydroelectric power in Graham County, North Carolina. 35). To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Metadata associated with this Data Descriptor is available at http://www.nature.com/sdata/ and is released under the CC0 waiver to maximize reuse. Water-Year More specifically, we used temperature estimates from lake-specific curves to populate daily values for the missing part of the interpolation period. Lake values were the mean of all months within the appropriate time period to match the sampling period (e.g., July-August-September for northern hemisphere summer, January-February-March for northern hemisphere winter), see Section G below) for a given year for the single grid cell that contained the sampling location for the lake. Colloq. Water temperatures were recorded in the morning, typically between 10:0012:00 with a mercury-in-glass thermometer in a Ruttner closing bottle34. There were 38 households, out of which 5.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.8% were married couples living together, and 31.6% were non-families. & Tulonen, T. Plankton metabolism and sedimentation in a small boreal lakea long-term perspective. Rsner, R., Mller-Navarra, D. C. & Zorita, E. Trend analysis of weekly temperatures and oxygen concentrations during summer stratification on Lake Plusee: A long-term study. We compiled time series from both series of satellite instruments independently at all 141 sites, with AVHRR data available for the period 19852009 and ATSR data available for the period 19912009. The samples were obtained at depths of 1m increments from all reservoirs. 2012) (NCAS British Atmospheric Data Centre, 2013). Assessment of global cloud datasets from satellites: Project and database initiated by the GEWEX radiation panel. Geophys. For undetermined reasons he called the property "Thunderbird Estates". The water system grew so unreliable that some property owners dug their own wells. The lodge, which had operated only sporadically during the preceding decades, was recycled into the sales office of an upscale lake-front development called "Santeetlah Lakeside",[20] and million-dollar property transfers occurred for the first time. A Fisher Scientific thermometer was used until 2003, a YSI temperature probe was used from 2003 to 2009, and an Orion Conductivity Meter 105A+ was used from 2009 to present23. Limnol. Data for the Austrian lakes were extracted from the year books of the Austrian Hydrological Survey, Department IV/4Water cycle, Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management. Jones, P. & Harris, I. CRU TS3.21: Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Time-Series (TS) Version 3.21 of High Resolution Gridded Data of Month-by-Month Variation in Climate (Jan. 1901Dec. Santeetlah Lake and the Cheoah District of the Nantahala National Forest which surrounds it provide exceptional recreational opportunities. Lake Rotorua, located in North Island, New Zealand, was sampled monthly at depths of 01 and 18m. The samples were obtained from the southeast part of the lake. Res. a Hydrobiologia 731, 3148 (2014). Kilpatrick, K. A., Podesta, G. P. & Evans, R. Overview of the NOAA/NASA advanced very high resolution radiometer Pathfinder algorithm for sea surface temperature and associated matchup database. Lake Santeetlah, NC 10-Day Weather Forecast. MacIntyre, S. et al. PubMedGoogle Scholar. After the assembly of the dataset was complete, we examined the distribution of mean lake temperatures using a series of histograms and maps. The Lower Lake of Zurich, the Upper Lake of Zurich, the Lake of Walenstadt and Greifensee are all located on the Swiss Plateau, immediately north of the Swiss Alps. C.O., Stephanie E. Hampton, D.K.G., J.S.R., and S.Sh. The mean summer surface temperature for each lake was then calculated by taking the mean of those daily estimates. 00010 Temperature, water(Max.,Min.,Mean) 00045 Precipitation(Sum) 00060 Discharge(Max.,Min.,Mean) . The time period when the sun is no more than 6 degrees below the horizon at either sunrise or sunset. . The lakes were sampled monthly at the deepest points. Arvola, L., Salonen, K., Keskitalo, J. Ordinary outdoor activities are not possible at this time without extra illumination. Water temperature sampling was done weekly at the 24m deep site at the south end of the main basin from ice-off in mid-June until mid to late August with a Hydrolab profiler sampling Surveyor 4a, datalogger and a datasonde 4a multiprobe with attached SCUFA and Licor. A naive Bayesian cloud-detection scheme derived from CALIPSO and applied within PATMOS-x. be An interesting fact about Lake Santeetlah's population is that the median age is relatively high at 70.3 years old, which is almost double the state average. For Water temperature sampling was performed usually in the morning and sometimes in the afternoon using a mercury thermometer in a VanDorn closing bottle6. Lett. Burns, N., McIntosh, J. Bull. J. Limnol. Warmer temperatures have kick-started melting from lower and mid-elevations of a snowpack that exceeded some historic highs. [16], On April 13, 1989, Thunderbird Mountain became the Town of Santeetlah,[17] and in 1991, Executive National transferred the roads and the water system to the town. The same procedure was used for cleaning and calibration of both instruments. In addition, data from automatic temperature loggers were available for Lake Erken44. Summary S.Sh. Current water temperature is 63F. 8693 (2005). Page Contact Information: North Carolina Water Data Maintainer Sapna Sharma. Meanwhile, temperatures warming to the 70s will combine with very dry air to produce . ATSR-1, ATSR-2 and AATSR stopped acquiring useful data in 1996, 2003, and 2012, respectively. conceived the idea for the broader global lake temperature collaboration (GLTC). 68). Water temperatures were recorded in the morning with a handheld YSI or Hydrolab thermistor. Figure 1 shows long-term rates of change in surface lake water temperature from 1985 to 2009. Water temperature sampling was performed between 9:00 and 21:00, mostly before noon, since April 1961 using a Ruttner water sampler47. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Assuming sampling for a given year preceded (or started on) the first interpolation date and extended past (or ended on) the last interpolation date, we used linear interpolation to create a daily value for all dates between the beginning and end of the interpolation period (inclusive). A. R., Murray, M. J. Meteorol: project and database initiated by the Government! For more accurate estimates of the late 1980s climate regime shift on Swiss rivers and lakes 20,000... Monthly measurements in 2m intervals from 0 to 20m and then in intervals. ) ( NCAS British Atmospheric data Centre, 2013 ) we thank Tim Kratz for with... In individual lakes across many different regions around the world of trade,,... 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